RIC VII, TRIER [after 60], CONSTANTINE I, UNLISTED ISSUE [Bust of Mars]

OBVERSE	IMPCONSTANTINVSAVG [IMP CONSTANTINVS AVG]; bust r., laur., cuir.
REVERSE	MARTICONSERVATORI [MARTI CONSERVATORI]; Bust of Mars r., helmeted and cuirassed.
NOT IN RIC	UNLISTED ISSUE. According to the preliminary study published by Genio popvli romani, not only T|F/PTR emission was continued after the 1/96 reduction [RIC VII TRIER 39-60] but also the emission of unmarked folles with bust of Mars on reverse [RIC VI TREVERI 877-885]. The main problem is to distinguish this later part from the earlier one, issued on the 1/72 standard. As Sutherland wrote in RIC VI (footnote 1 on p. 227): "It is not always easy to distinguish this earlier and heavier unmarked series from the lighter one, with the same types, which appeared after Maximinus' death: the weight-peaks are quite distinct from each other, but the light 'heavies' and the heavy 'lights' inevitably tend to overlap". Probably the most crucial data is not a weight, but a diameter of die (PRD), i.e. pearl ring diameter (which should be not confused with a diameter of flan!). For earlier and heavier coins, issued on the 1/72 standard, we may assume that the diameter of beaded circle is at least 21 mm. For lighter coins, issued on the new 1/96 standard, this diameter is significantly smaller - c. 19 mm. The diameters given below are usually the diameters of the flan. Keep in mind that it is sometimes hard to extrapolate a diameter of die from a diameter of actual flan, so the attribution is not always certain. Note that the 1/96 emission was continued up to 316, which is proven by the die match discovered by Genio popvli romani. Compare obverses of coin from 1/96 emission with Sol [2.99 g; 19-20 mm] and of coin from T|F/ATR emission [2.90 g; 19 mm; TRIER 113]. See also: Lawrence H. Cope, "The sequence of issues in the long T/F series of Constantinian folles minted at Trier, A.D. 309-315", Schweizer Münzblätter 1969, no. 75, pp. 59-66. Coin should be listed after TRIER 60. See also: TRIER [after 60], CONSTANTINE I, UNLISTED ISSUE [Bust of Mars]; obv. legend 1a, bust B5 TRIER [after 60], CONSTANTINE I, UNLISTED ISSUE [Bust of Mars]; obv. legend 1c, bust B3 TRIER [after 60], CONSTANTINE I, UNLISTED ISSUE [Bust of Mars]; obv. legend 1c, bust B4 TRIER [after 60], CONSTANTINE I, UNLISTED ISSUE [Bust of Mars]; obv. legend 1d, bust B3 TRIER [after 60], CONSTANTINE I, UNLISTED ISSUE [Bust of Mars]; obv. legend 1d, bust B4 TRIER [after 60], CONSTANTINE I, UNLISTED ISSUE [Bust of Mars]; obv. legend 1d, bust B5 TRIER [after 60], CONSTANTINE I, UNLISTED ISSUE [Bust of Mars; Ticinum/Aquileia style]; obv. legend 1d, bust B5

NOTES

Weight 3.39 g; PRD diameter 18.5 mm. From Nicola Tammaro's collection. Other specimens: - Sully Hoard II (B); from the collection of Amgueddfa Cymru – Museum Wales (no. 2009.24H/4363); weight 3.23 g; diameter 20 mm [click for picture]; - from CGB E-shop (brm_188143); weight 2.75 g; diameter 20 mm [click for picture]; - from eBay, August 2015; weight 3.25 g; diameter 19-20 mm [click for picture]; - sold on Roma Numismatics eSale 39 (lot 870) in August 2017 for GBP 56; sold on CNG eAuction 482 (lot 516) in December 2020 for USD 110; weight 3.31 g; diameter 21 mm [click for picture]; - from the Genio popvli romani Collection; note obv. die link to this example of TRIER 74; weight 2.90 g; diameter 20-23 mm [click for picture]; - sold on Artemide Aste E-Auction 29 (lot 716) in October 2023 for EUR 70; weight 3.66 g; diameter 20.5 mm [click for picture]; - sold on CNG eAuction 488 (lot 551) in March 2021 for USD 60; ex Dattari; weight 3.23 g; diameter 22 mm [click for picture]; - from a private collection; weight 2.94 g; PRD diameter 19 mm [click for picture]; - sold on CNG eAuction 466 (lot 539) in April 2020 for USD 120; weight 3.75 g; diameter 24 mm [click for picture]; - from eBay, January 2021; weight 2.40 g; diameter 19.04-20.36 mm [click for picture]; - sold on Bucephalus Numismatik black auction 17 (lot 560) in March 2023 for EUR 10; weight 2.18 g; diameter 20.9 mm [click for picture]; - from Constantine Venetis' collection; weight 2.10 g; diameter 19 mm [click for picture]; - sold on Sol Numismatik auction XXIV (lot 642) in February 2024 for EUR 12; weight 2.93 g; diameter 21 mm [click for picture].